BIPOC Information and Resources

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Introduction and Statistics

Did you know that nearly one in five U.S. adults (52.9 million in 2020) live with a mental health disorder? Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC) experience disproportionate rates of mental health disorders, and these disorders tend to last longer and result in more significant disability for BIPOC communities. Adults identifying as multiracial (two or more races) are more likely than any other racial or ethnic group to report any mental illness within the past year (24.9%). American Indian / Alaska Natives are the next most likely to report mental illness (22.7%), followed by White people 19%) and Black people (16.8%). Black Americans are 20% more likely to experience serious mental health problems like major depressive disorder and generalized anxiety. Additionally, American Indians/Alaskan Natives report higher rates of PTSD and alcohol dependence than any other ethnic or racial group.

Inadequate Access to Care

The vast majority of mental illness goes untreated, especially in communities of color, and lack of adequate treatment can have devastating consequences. Fifty-two percent of White people received mental health services in 2020, compared to 37.1% of Black people and 35% of Hispanic people. Service cost or lack of insurance coverage was the most frequently cited reason for not using mental health services across all racial /ethnic groups. During the COVID-19 pandemic, BIPOC have experienced a vast increase in rates of depression (up to 36.9% increase). Many BIPOC individuals continually confront stress and trauma in their lives as a result of racism, socioeconomic difficulty, stigmas, and barriers to adequate care and treatment, all of which combine to create far higher risk of mental health challenges. 

Homelessness & Housing Issues 

BIPOC communities are disproportionately impacted by homelessness and housing insecurity. These issues reflect long histories of discriminatory policies against BIPOC individuals, and they are closely intertwined with mental health issues. BIPOC Americans living below the federal poverty lines are twice as likely to report serious psychological stress as those living above the poverty line. The Black community comprises approximately 40% of the homeless population, 50% of the prison population, and 45% of the children in the foster care system.  

Childhood Education & Inadequate Mental Health Care 

BIPOC mental health issues are also intertwined with barriers to adequate education and lack of mental health care during childhood. Children experiencing psychiatric disorders often face negative outcomes, including poor social mobility and reduced social capital. In the BIPOC community, childhood depression has also been associated with increased welfare and unemployment. BIPOC youth suffering psychiatric and behavioral issues are far more likely to be disciplined or incarcerated than met with adequate mental health care. This cycle exacerbates preexisting mental health issues, causing difficulties with completing school ultimately preventing individuals from finding stable employment. Students of color, students with disabilities, and students that are impacted by trauma are disproportionately disciplined and arrested rather than receiving the support and services that could allow them to remain in the classroom.  

Incarceration and Mental Health  

BIPOC face disproportionate rates of incarceration, causing great harm to communities and individuals. Students who drop out of school prematurely—often due to systemic issues such as socioeconomic difficulty—are far more likely to end up in the criminal justice system. One in every ten BIPOC males is put into solitary confinement before the age of 32. According to the United Nations, solitary confinement is defined as torture, and can lead to PTSD, suicide, and the onset of psychotic episodes. Black men in the U.S. are sent to solitary confinement for capital punishment and tend to be confined for longer periods of time than their nonblack counterparts. BIPOC inmates are also disproportionately disciplined and often put in solitary confinement, which has been shown to exacerbate mental illness. Racial bias often prevents BIPOC from qualifying for diversion programs that could keep them out of jail allow access to mental health treatment while incarcerated.  

Racism, Mistrust, and Barriers in Access to Care  

BIPOC mental health issues are deeply rooted in racism, mistrust, and barriers to care. BIPOC communities have suffered centuries of racism, discrimination, and trauma, particularly in Black and Indigenous populations. There is often a well-founded mistrust of medical and mental health institutions due to long histories of violence and exploitation. This makes it more difficult for BIPOC to safely seek mental health services and receive care that meets their needs. As a result of racial discrimination, Black people are at an increased risk of developing psychosis, in part due to high rates of chronic stress and trauma. Racial trauma can also increase the risk of PTSD in BIPOC. 

Stress plays a critical role in how discrimination impacts both mental and psychical health. BIPOC face microaggressions on a daily basis, encountering a form of racial trauma that can harm their identity and sense of self-worth, particularly when aggregated over time. Although Black families have more contact with mental health providers, fewer BIPOC individuals seek out family psychoeducation and other essential aspects of the treatment process due to the historic mistrust in the system. BIPOC are also disproportionately affected by a lack of access to quality health care, health insurance, and linguistically and culturally responsive health care. More than 80%of BIPOC are more concerned with the stigma associated with mental illness, which may discourage them from seeking treatment. Lack of cultural understanding by healthcare providers may contribute to underdiagnosis and misdiagnosis of mental health in ethnically diverse populations. 

Seeking Professional Help  

For those struggling with mental health disorders, professional support via medical or behavioral health care is often the best option. For those dealing with substance abuse disorders, treatment programs like detoxification, inpatient rehab, outpatient treatment, and 12-step meetings can be useful. Other mental health disorders may require a vast range of resources, including counseling/therapy, medication, housing and employment support, etc. If you or someone you know is experiencing mental health issues, it is important to seek help from qualified professionals. Feel free to contact us here at Consumer Advocate Network. Any one of the Advocacy staff members or the office Resource Specialists will be available to assist you with getting connected to the right resources depending on your concerns.


Link to Reference Website 

BIPOC Resources